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CPhaseGate

class qiskit.circuit.library.CPhaseGate(theta, label=None, ctrl_state=None, *, duration=None, unit='dt', _base_label=None)

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Bases: ControlledGate

Controlled-Phase gate.

This is a diagonal and symmetric gate that induces a phase on the state of the target qubit, depending on the control state.

Can be applied to a QuantumCircuit with the cp() method.

Circuit symbol:

q_0: ─■──
      │θ
q_1: ─■──

Matrix representation:

CPhase=I00+P11=(100001000010000eiθ)CPhase = I \otimes |0\rangle\langle 0| + P \otimes |1\rangle\langle 1| = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & e^{i\theta} \end{pmatrix}
See also

CRZGate: Due to the global phase difference in the matrix definitions of Phase and RZ, CPhase and CRZ are different gates with a relative phase difference.

Create new CPhase gate.


Attributes

Parameters

  • theta (ParameterValueType) –
  • label (str | None) –
  • ctrl_state (str |int | None) –

base_class

Get the base class of this instruction. This is guaranteed to be in the inheritance tree of self.

The “base class” of an instruction is the lowest class in its inheritance tree that the object should be considered entirely compatible with for _all_ circuit applications. This typically means that the subclass is defined purely to offer some sort of programmer convenience over the base class, and the base class is the “true” class for a behavioral perspective. In particular, you should not override base_class if you are defining a custom version of an instruction that will be implemented differently by hardware, such as an alternative measurement strategy, or a version of a parametrized gate with a particular set of parameters for the purposes of distinguishing it in a Target from the full parametrized gate.

This is often exactly equivalent to type(obj), except in the case of singleton instances of standard-library instructions. These singleton instances are special subclasses of their base class, and this property will return that base. For example:

>>> isinstance(XGate(), XGate)
True
>>> type(XGate()) is XGate
False
>>> XGate().base_class is XGate
True

In general, you should not rely on the precise class of an instruction; within a given circuit, it is expected that Instruction.name should be a more suitable discriminator in most situations.

condition

The classical condition on the instruction.

Deprecated since version 1.3.0

The property qiskit.circuit.instruction.Instruction.condition is deprecated as of Qiskit 1.3.0. It will be removed in 2.0.0.

condition_bits

Get Clbits in condition.

Deprecated since version 1.3.0

The property qiskit.circuit.instruction.Instruction.condition_bits is deprecated as of Qiskit 1.3.0. It will be removed in 2.0.0.

ctrl_state

Return the control state of the gate as a decimal integer.

decompositions

Get the decompositions of the instruction from the SessionEquivalenceLibrary.

definition

Return definition in terms of other basic gates. If the gate has open controls, as determined from ctrl_state, the returned definition is conjugated with X without changing the internal _definition.

duration

Get the duration.

Deprecated since version 1.3.0

The property qiskit.circuit.instruction.Instruction.duration is deprecated as of Qiskit 1.3.0. It will be removed in Qiskit 2.0.0.

label

Return instruction label

mutable

Is this instance is a mutable unique instance or not.

If this attribute is False the gate instance is a shared singleton and is not mutable.

name

Get name of gate. If the gate has open controls the gate name will become:

<original_name_o<ctrl_state>

where <original_name> is the gate name for the default case of closed control qubits and <ctrl_state> is the integer value of the control state for the gate.

num_clbits

Return the number of clbits.

num_ctrl_qubits

Get number of control qubits.

Returns

The number of control qubits for the gate.

Return type

int

num_qubits

Return the number of qubits.

params

Get parameters from base_gate.

Returns

List of gate parameters.

Return type

list

Raises

CircuitError – Controlled gate does not define a base gate

unit

Get the time unit of duration.

Deprecated since version 1.3.0

The property qiskit.circuit.instruction.Instruction.unit is deprecated as of Qiskit 1.3.0. It will be removed in Qiskit 2.0.0.


Methods

control

control(num_ctrl_qubits=1, label=None, ctrl_state=None, annotated=None)

GitHub

Controlled version of this gate.

Parameters

  • num_ctrl_qubits (int) – number of control qubits.
  • label (str | None) – An optional label for the gate [Default: None]
  • ctrl_state (str |int | None) – control state expressed as integer, string (e.g.``’110’), or ``None. If None, use all 1s.
  • annotated (bool | None) – indicates whether the controlled gate should be implemented as an annotated gate. If None, this is handled as False.

Returns

controlled version of this gate.

Return type

ControlledGate

inverse

inverse(annotated=False)

GitHub

Return inverted CPhase gate (CPhase(λ)=CPhase(λ)CPhase(\lambda)^{\dagger} = CPhase(-\lambda))

Parameters

annotated (bool) –

power

power(exponent, annotated=False)

GitHub

Raise this gate to the power of exponent.

Implemented either as a unitary gate (ref. UnitaryGate) or as an annotated operation (ref. AnnotatedOperation). In the case of several standard gates, such as RXGate, when the power of a gate can be expressed in terms of another standard gate that is returned directly.

Parameters

  • exponent (float) – the power to raise the gate to
  • annotated (bool) – indicates whether the power gate can be implemented as an annotated operation. In the case of several standard gates, such as RXGate, this argument is ignored when the power of a gate can be expressed in terms of another standard gate.

Returns

An operation implementing gate^exponent

Raises

CircuitError – If gate is not unitary

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